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For every run, we pull Warcraft Logs' percentile rank for your spec computed against other parses at the same key level. Your +6 is graded against other +6s, your +12 against other +12s. The run page also surfaces a second number showing where the same DPS would rank against the entire spec pool. That second number is for context only and does not affect your grade. Augmentation Evokers are a special case: their personal DPS ceiling is lower by design because they spend GCDs buffing teammates, so we also credit a portion of teammate damage done during their Ebon Might and Prescience windows back to their score.

Three signals: how often you died, how much of your damage taken came from ability IDs we know are avoidable, and how much healing you consumed relative to the group. Tanks aren't penalized for healing received (they're supposed to tank). Deaths caused by avoidable abilities cost extra. The death penalty softens at higher key levels (above +12) because even top players take unavoidable deaths in high keys. Avoidable damage and healing burden thresholds both scale with key level so a +25 isn't compared against +5 standards.

We track the cooldowns every Frost Mage has access to regardless of talent build: Mirror Image (offensive, ~6% expected uptime). Expected uses are computed from fight duration, then compared against what you actually pressed. Talent-gated cooldowns (ones only some builds take) are intentionally excluded: we don't penalize you for not picking a specific talent. Missing a single major CD can meaningfully drop this category; hoarding it through the whole key is the most common sub-grade cause.

Total casts divided by fight duration, scored against benchmarks specific to Frost Mage. Our thresholds for your spec: below 10 CPM = 0, 18 = 50, 25 = 80, 32+ = 100. A high-CPM melee spec like Fury Warrior and a low-CPM ranged caster like Marksmanship Hunter will have very different benchmarks; we don't apply a universal curve. Low CPM usually maps to rotation gaps, over-movement on mechanics, or extended time with no valid target.